― 255 ―peptides led to the proposal of a novel mechanism involving translation inhibition via phase separation control. Future research is anticipated to clarify how this mechanism relates to Nur’s sleep-promoting activity, as well as how phase separation, which is crucial in autophagy regulation4), contributes to controlling autophagic activity during sleep.AcknowledgmentsWe thank Kazuaki Matoba, Hirofumi Toda, Suguru Nishinami, Yuko Fujioka, and Yuta Ogasawara for their collaborative efforts. This work was supported by Chugai Foundation for Innovative Drug Discovery Science (C-FINDs).References1. Osawa T, Kotani T, Kawaoka T, Hirata E, Suzuki K, Nakatogawa H, Ohsumi Y, Noda NN: Atg2 mediates direct lipid transfer between membranes for autophagosome formation. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 26, 281-288 (2019).2. Bedont JL, Toda H, Shi M, Park CH, Quake C, Stein C, Kolesnik A, Sehgal A: Short and long sleeping mutants reveal links between sleep and macroautophagy. eLife, 10, e64140 (2021).3. Toda H, Williams JA, Gulledge M, Sehgal A: A sleep-inducing gene, nemuri, links sleep and immune function in Drosophila. Science, 363, 509-515 (2019).4. Fujioka Y, Alam JM, Noshiro D, Mouri K, Ando T, Okada Y, May AI, Knorr RL, Suzuki K, Ohsumi Y, Noda NN: Phase separation organizes the site of autophagosome formation. Nature, 578, 301-305 (2020).
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