AbstractAuditory fear conditioning is commonly used to correlate behavior with neural activity due to its precise second-scale temporal control over auditory stimuli and electric shocks. However, long-term processing through sleep and extinction training remains unclear. Sleep deprivation for six hours immediately after fear conditioning weakened remote recall following extinction training in delay conditioning (hippocampus-independent). In contrast, in trace conditioning (hippocampus-dependent), sleep deprivation facilitated extinction of recent memory one day later. Additionally, observational fear learning was conducted by exposing mice to auditory cues paired with another mouse’s experience of electric shocks, while the observer showed weaker freezing than the demonstrator.The prefrontal cortex plays a role in integrating inputs from multiple brain regions, and sleep consolidates memory by synchronizing activity across these regions. However, conventional methods have difficulty in extracting the dynamics of interregional circuits within complex neural networks. We established a multi-fiber photometry system to measure multi-regional information integration in the prefrontal cortex of freely behaving mice during learning and sleep. A retrograde adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to express a calcium indicator in neurons projecting to the prefrontal cortex. We examined the activity of projection neurons from four cortical subregions involved in emotional memory, as well as the thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus. Electrical shocks during fear conditioning activated multiple brain regions. Some brain region pairs exhibited greater synchronization during wakefulness, whereas others were more synchronized during sleep. Multi-fiber photometry can contribute to understanding direct circuit-based information integration between brain regions depending on brain states. 富山大学研究推進機構アイドリング脳科学研究センター睡眠脳ダイナミクス研究室・准教授University of Toyama, Research Center for Idling Brain Science, Laboratory for Sleeping-Brain Dynamics宮本 大祐Miyamoto Daisuke― 122 ―社会認知機能における脳波同調のイメージング・光操作研究Optical imaging and manipulation of EEG synchronization in social cognitive function
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